An educational overview of how corporate addresses, registered agents, and virtual offices function in US business law — why they exist, when they’re legitimate, and when the same practice becomes a tool for obscuring ownership, complicating regulatory oversight, and insulating individuals from accountability.
What This Page Covers
Throughout this investigation, the same addresses appear repeatedly across entities that are presented to the public as independent organizations. This page explains the corporate infrastructure that makes address sharing possible, why it’s common, when it’s legitimate, and how the same structures can be used to obscure the relationships between entities that share common ownership, funding, or governance.
This page does not assert that address sharing is inherently suspicious. Most address sharing is routine, legitimate, and cost-efficient. What makes address sharing analytically significant in an investigation is when it reveals relationships between entities that are publicly presented as independent — when the address tells a story the press releases don’t.
The Basic Infrastructure
What Is a Registered Agent?
Every business entity formed or registered in a US state must designate a registered agent — a person or company authorized to receive legal documents (lawsuits, subpoenas, government notices) on the entity’s behalf. The registered agent must have a physical address in the state that is open during business hours. This is a legal requirement, not optional. [1]
Why companies use professional registered agent services:
- The company operates in multiple states and needs an agent in each one
- The company doesn’t have physical offices in the state of incorporation
- Founders don’t want their personal home address on public records
- The company wants someone professional handling legal documents rather than relying on whoever’s at the front desk
Common registered agent companies that appear repeatedly across this investigation:
| Agent | Address | What They Do |
|---|---|---|
| Corporation Service Company (CSC) | 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE 19808 | Largest registered agent company in the US. Used by Libertas Bio, Inc. and thousands of other Delaware entities. |
| The Corporation Trust Company (CT Corp) | 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, DE 19801 | Second-largest. Used by hundreds of thousands of entities. |
| Harvard Business Services, Inc. | 16192 Coastal Highway, Lewes, DE 19958 | Mid-tier agent. Used by Libertas Biomedical, LLC. |
Legitimate reasons to use these services: Privacy (keeps founder’s home address off public records), reliability (professional document handling), multi-state compliance (one provider across all 50 states), convenience (handles annual report filings).
When it becomes analytically significant: When multiple entities controlled by the same network all use the same registered agent, the shared agent is a routing point — not evidence of wrongdoing itself, but a node where legal documents and governance for multiple related entities converge in one place.
What Is a Virtual Office?
A virtual office is a service that provides a business address, mail handling, and sometimes a phone number and receptionist — without providing actual office space. Companies like Regus, WeWork, and Spaces offer these services. A company can list a prestigious address (e.g., “640 Fifth Avenue, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10019”) without anyone from the company ever being physically present there. [2]
Delaware law explicitly prohibits registered agents from performing their duties “solely through the use of a virtual office, the retention by the agent of a mail forwarding service, or both.” This means the registered agent must have a real physical presence — but the COMPANY that uses the agent can be entirely virtual. [3]
Legitimate reasons for virtual offices: Early-stage startups need a business address before they can afford office space. Remote-first companies need a legal address in a specific state. Companies that operate nationally need a presence in multiple cities. International companies need a US address for business registration.
When it becomes analytically significant: When a company presents itself as a major operation — running clinical trials, managing millions in grants, developing pharmaceutical drugs — but its address resolves to a virtual office, co-working space, or registered agent service rather than a staffed physical location. The gap between the public presentation and the physical reality is the data point.
Why Delaware? Why New York?
Delaware: The Corporate Home
More than 65% of Fortune 500 companies and over 1.5 million legal entities are incorporated in Delaware — a state with fewer than one million residents. This is because Delaware offers:
- The Court of Chancery: A specialized business court with judges (not juries) who are experts in corporate law. Disputes are resolved faster and more predictably than in other states.
- Privacy: Delaware does not require companies to publicly disclose their officers or directors in formation documents. Only the registered agent and registered address are public.
- Flexibility: Delaware’s General Corporation Law is the most developed and permissive in the US, offering maximum flexibility in governance structures.
- Franchise tax revenue: Delaware collects approximately $1.9 billion annually in corporate franchise taxes — roughly 40% of the state’s general fund revenue. The state has a financial incentive to remain the most attractive incorporation jurisdiction.
In this investigation: LabNook/TrialSpark was incorporated in Delaware (June 11, 2014). Libertas Bio, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware (December 8, 2020). Formation Bio I, LLC was formed in Delaware (May 2, 2024). The LP funds (Formation Bio Fund I, Fund II) are Delaware limited partnerships. All use the same state for the same reasons: privacy, legal flexibility, and a friendly court system.
New York: The Operational Address
While Delaware is the state of incorporation, New York is the state of operation. New York requires any foreign corporation doing business in the state to register with the Department of State and maintain a registered address. This is why entities incorporated in Delaware but operating in New York appear in BOTH states’ records.
16 East 34th Street, Floor 10, New York, NY 10016 — the address that appears across virtually every entity in the TrialSpark/Formation Bio ecosystem — is a real office building in Midtown Manhattan, near the Empire State Building. However, the building also houses multiple companies and offices across its floors. The concentration of entities at this single address raises the question: are these genuinely separate organizations, or are they branded subdivisions of a single operation sharing a single floor?
The Address Chart — Entities in This Investigation
Primary Address: 16 East 34th Street, Floor 10, New York, NY 10016
| Entity | Type | Use of This Address |
|---|---|---|
| TrialSpark, Inc. | Corporation (Delaware) | Principal executive office. SEC-registered address. |
| Formation Bio, Inc. (formerly TrialSpark) | Foreign Business Corporation (NY) | Principal executive office. CEO Benjamine Liu listed here. |
| Libertas Bio | Trademark holder | WIPO registration lists this address as owner address. |
| Project Covalence | Trademark holder | WIPO registration lists this address as owner address. |
| Formation Bio (logo) | Trademark holder | WIPO registration lists this address as owner address. |
| Sean Doherty | Registered agent for service of process | Listed at this address on NY filing. Role unclear — legal counsel? Employee? |
| Speedy Sticks | Mobile phlebotomy company | Listed at this address on Google Maps. Serves clinical research organizations. Registered at 210 Catherine St. |
| Agilis Insights LLC | “Recruitment” consulting | Shows at this address on Google Maps. Registered at 414 E 77th St (apartment). BBB Rating: F. Founded January 2020. |
What this clustering means: Three trademark registrations, the operating company, a phlebotomy service that supports clinical trials, and a recruitment company with an F rating from the BBB all share or reference the same address. The trademarks are expected (same owner). The phlebotomy service is operationally logical (supporting clinical trial blood draws). The recruitment company with an F rating appearing at a pharmaceutical company’s address is the outlier.
Secondary Address: 210 Catherine Street, New York
| Entity | Type | Connection to 16 E 34th |
|---|---|---|
| Speedy Sticks | Mobile phlebotomy | Registered here; listed at 16 E 34th on Google Maps |
| Hardcore Tech | Technology blog | Listed here on Google Maps. Registered in Monroe Township, NJ. |
| LightyearSEO | SEO company | Listed here on Google Maps. First appeared online December 7, 2023 (2 days after Formation Bio rebrand). |
Tertiary Addresses: The Daisy Chain
| Address | Entity | Connection |
|---|---|---|
| Monroe Township, NJ | Hardcore Tech (registered) | Published 23andMe blog post same day as Formation Bio rebrand (Dec 5, 2023) |
| 85 Broad Street, New York | Hardcore Tech (Facebook page) | WeWork address |
| 414 E 77th Street, New York | Agilis Insights LLC (registered) | Apartment building. Company shows at 16 E 34th on Maps. |
Delaware Registered Agent Addresses
| Agent Address | Entity Using It | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE 19808 (Corporation Service Company) | Libertas Bio, Inc. (incorporated Dec 8, 2020) | CSC is the largest registered agent company in the US |
| 16192 Coastal Highway, Lewes, DE 19958 (Harvard Business Services) | Libertas Biomedical, LLC (incorporated Jan 5, 2017) | Different Libertas entity, different agent, different year. No confirmed network connection. |
Other Investigation-Relevant Addresses
| Address | Entity | Network Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 640 Fifth Avenue, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10019 | AltC Acquisition Corp (Michael Klein) | Klein’s SPAC address. M. Klein Associates. The SPAC that took Oklo public. |
| Palo Alto, CA (various) | OpenResearch, UBI Charitable | Same address for both nonprofits. The address tells the relationship the corporate names obscure. |
| Big Surf LLC (address varies — initially SF, then Napa) | Altman’s Hawaii compound | LLC used to hide $43M property ownership for 2+ years. Managed by cousin Jennifer Serralta. |
| Address | Entity | What We Found |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 Bryant St, SF | OpenAI, Inc. | OpenAI’s San Francisco headquarters |
| 469 9th St, Fl 2, Oakland | Open Research Lab, Inc. | Altman’s nonprofit — registered in federal SAM system (for receiving federal grants/contracts). Officer: Chris Clark. Activated Dec 5, 2022 (one year before rebrand). Expired Dec 1, 2023 (four days before rebrand). Business started Nov 2, 2015. |
| 97 Port Richmond Ave, Staten Island | One Care Health, LLC | Addiction/behavioral health company. BBB lists “Related Businesses: Speedy Sticks, LLC.” Incorporated Dec 2, 2020 (during Project Covalence). CEO: Dr. Carlos M. Barrera. Also listed as “OneCare Health — Advanced Practice Health & Wellness.” Parent: TRG-HealthCare-Systems-LLC. |
When Address Sharing Becomes Analytically Significant
Legitimate Reasons for Address Sharing
Not every shared address indicates a hidden relationship. Common legitimate reasons include:
- Multi-tenant office buildings. Many companies share a building. The Empire State Building has hundreds of tenants. Sharing a building doesn’t mean sharing ownership.
- Co-working spaces. WeWork, Spaces, Regus — companies rent desks or offices in shared facilities. The address is shared because the space is shared.
- Professional registered agents. Corporation Service Company’s Wilmington, DE address hosts hundreds of thousands of entities. Sharing a registered agent is standard corporate hygiene, not evidence of connection.
- Parent-subsidiary structures. A parent company and its subsidiaries naturally share an address — they share management, administrative staff, and physical infrastructure. This is expected and legal.
- Cost efficiency. Early-stage companies share space to save money. This is especially common in New York, where office space is expensive.
- Portfolio management. Investors or family offices managing multiple entities may house them at a single address for administrative convenience. Jennifer Serralta managing Altman’s real estate LLCs from a single family office address is this pattern.
When Shared Addresses Raise Questions
Address sharing becomes analytically significant when it reveals one or more of the following:
1. Hidden common ownership. Two entities presented as independent are at the same address, suggesting common ownership or control that isn’t publicly disclosed. If Entity A and Entity B share an address, a management team, and a funding source, but are marketed to the public as separate organizations, the address is the thread that connects them.
2. Mismatch between presentation and reality. A company presents itself as a major operation — “a collaboration between the CEO of OpenAI, a Harvard physician-scientist, and TrialSpark” — but its address is a single floor of a Midtown office building also occupied by a phlebotomy service and a recruitment company with an F rating from the BBB.
3. Shell company infrastructure. When multiple LLCs, subsidiaries, and trademarks are all registered to the same address, the concentration suggests a shell structure — entities that exist on paper to hold specific assets (a drug, a trademark, a property) but share the same physical infrastructure and management.
4. Address migration tracking. When entities change addresses in coordination (e.g., all moving from one agent to another at the same time, as seen in the February 2025 Fross Zelnick agent change for all three TrialSpark trademarks), the coordinated migration confirms common control.
5. Google Maps listing anomalies. When a company shows at an address on Google Maps but is REGISTERED at a different address (Speedy Sticks shows at 16 E 34th but is registered at 210 Catherine; Agilis shows at 16 E 34th but is registered at 414 E 77th), someone has claimed that address in Google’s system without being legally registered there. This can be intentional (presenting a more prestigious address) or a data error — but in both cases, it’s a discrepancy worth noting.
The December 5-7, 2023 Address Cluster
The most analytically significant address event in this investigation occurred in a 48-hour window:
| Date | Event | Address Connection |
|---|---|---|
| December 5, 2023 | Formation Bio rebrand announced | 16 E 34th St, Floor 10 |
| December 5, 2023 | Hardcore Tech publishes a 23andMe data breach blog post | Listed at 210 Catherine St (same building as Speedy Sticks, which lists at 16 E 34th) |
| December 7, 2023 | LightyearSEO first appears on the internet (Wayback Machine) | Listed at 210 Catherine St |
Three events in 48 hours, connected through shared addresses. The company that rebranded, the blog that posted about its former partner’s data breach, and the SEO company that went live — all traceable through the same address chain. Whether this represents coordinated activity or coincidental timing at a shared address is an open question. The addresses are the documented connection.
How to Investigate Address Sharing
For researchers encountering shared addresses in corporate investigations, the following tools and methods can help determine whether the sharing is routine or significant:
- State Secretary of State databases — search by address rather than entity name to find all entities registered at a single location
- Google Maps — check what businesses are listed at an address (these are self-reported claims, not verified registrations)
- WHOIS — for domain registrations, check whether the registrant address matches the corporate address
- SEC EDGAR — for public companies and SPACs, filings list registered addresses that can be cross-referenced
- WIPO / USPTO / CIPO — trademark registrations list owner addresses
- County assessor records — for real estate, identify the actual property owner (which may differ from the LLC name on the deed)
- BBB (Better Business Bureau) — for complaints and ratings on entities at shared addresses
- Wayback Machine — for when entities first appeared at an address or when websites associated with an address went live
Nodes / Open Questions
- Who manages 16 East 34th Street, Floor 10? Is the entire floor leased by TrialSpark/Formation Bio, or are there other tenants? What is the square footage? How many people work there? These questions determine whether the address concentration represents a real operation or a paper cluster.
- Sean Doherty — listed as the registered agent for service of process at 16 E 34th. Is he Formation Bio legal counsel, a professional agent, or an employee? His role has not been confirmed.
- The 210 Catherine Street connection: How is this address connected to 16 E 34th? Who owns or leases it? Why do entities associated with both addresses appear in Google Maps listings at each other’s locations?
- Agilis Insights LLC — “Recruitment” consulting, BBB F rating, registered at an apartment (414 E 77th), listed at Formation Bio’s address (16 E 34th), founded January 2020 (same year as Project Covalence). What is this company? Who owns it? What kind of “recruitment” does it do? Is it clinical trial patient recruitment?
- The New Jersey foreign corporation registration (April 19, 2023): Why did TrialSpark register as a foreign corporation in NJ seven months before the rebrand? What operations required NJ registration for a company headquartered in NY?
Sources
- [Archive] Harbor Compliance — “Registered Agents and Business Addresses” — legal requirements, address types, privacy considerations: https://www.harborcompliance.com/blog/registered-agents-and-business-addresses/
- [Archive] Prior investigation sessions — virtual office analysis, Google Maps listing anomalies at 16 E 34th St and 210 Catherine St. Confirmed across multiple sessions.
- [Archive] Delaware Code Title 8, Chapter 1, Subchapter III — registered agent requirements, virtual office prohibition for agents: https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc03/index.html
- [Archive] Prior investigation sessions — complete address daisy chain: 16 E 34th → 210 Catherine → Monroe Township NJ → 85 Broad St (WeWork). December 5-7 cluster confirmed. Agilis Insights F rating confirmed.
PASS 2 — Large Facility Single-Agent Practices and Additional Addresses
Why Entire Buildings Sometimes Have One Registered Agent
In some cases, a large building — dozens of floors, hundreds of thousands of square feet — will have a single registered agent or very few registered entities. This can happen for several legitimate reasons:
Single-occupant headquarters. A company like Goldman Sachs occupies its entire 44-story tower at 200 West Street. Every internal division, subsidiary, LLC, and fund lists the same address because they’re all one corporate family in one building. This is normal.
Law firms as registered agents. A corporate law firm may serve as registered agent for dozens or hundreds of clients, all listing the law firm’s address. Sharing a lawyer doesn’t mean sharing an owner.
Accelerators and incubators. Startup programs house multiple companies at one address during their program. Companies may keep the accelerator’s address on filings long after departing.
Property management serving as agent. A building’s management company may act as registered agent for tenants’ convenience.
When it raises questions: When a multi-story building shows only ONE registered entity and that entity’s operations don’t require an entire building. When the entity is a startup or small company listing at an address that implies a scale of operations it doesn’t actually have. When the building is primarily a virtual office or mail-forwarding address rather than a staffed location — but the entity’s public presentation implies a physical headquarters.
Additional Addresses of Note
200 West Street, New York, NY 10282 — Goldman Sachs Global HQ
A 44-story, $2.1 billion, single-occupant Goldman Sachs tower in Battery Park City. 2.1 million square feet. Six trading floors. 53 elevators. Completed 2009, occupied 2010. Designed by Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. This is not a co-working space or a multi-tenant building — it is Goldman Sachs and Goldman Sachs only, with minor ground-floor retail. [5]
Network relevance: Goldman Sachs serves as prime broker and fund administrator for VC firms in this investigation (Sequoia, a16z, and others use Goldman for fund operations). Goldman Sachs Alternatives manages $576B in alternative investments. Any entity legitimately at this address is inside Goldman Sachs’ infrastructure. Any entity listing this address without a Goldman Sachs affiliation is borrowing prestige it doesn’t own.
85 Broad Street, New York, NY — Goldman Sachs’ FORMER Headquarters
This was Goldman Sachs’ headquarters pre-9/11. After the September 11 attacks, Goldman committed to staying in Lower Manhattan but moved to a new building at 200 West Street. The 30-story 85 Broad Street building was eventually sold and is now being converted to residential housing by Fortress Investment Group and Metro Loft Management. [6]
In this investigation: Hardcore Tech’s Facebook page listed 85 Broad Street as its address — likely a WeWork or co-working space occupying the building during the transitional period between Goldman’s departure and the residential conversion. The building carries residual institutional prestige from its Goldman Sachs era. Listing “85 Broad Street” signals “Financial District seriousness” even if the actual presence is a shared desk in a building being converted to apartments.
The Goldman Sachs address migration and the daisy chain:
| Period | Goldman Sachs Address | Investigation Entity |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-1983 | 55 Broad Street | — |
| 1983-2010 | 85 Broad Street | Hardcore Tech (Facebook page) |
| 2010-present | 200 West Street | Goldman Sachs only |
Goldman left 85 Broad. Co-working moved in. Hardcore Tech listed a Facebook page there. The address carries residual prestige — this is address prestige recycling: smaller entities inherit a building’s reputation without the institutional substance. The address says “Goldman Sachs’ neighborhood” long after Goldman has left.
640 Fifth Avenue, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10019 — AltC / M. Klein Associates
Michael Klein’s office — the serial SPAC operator who created Churchill Capital I, II, III, IV and CF Finance Acquisition Corp before AltC Acquisition Corp (the SPAC that took Altman’s Oklo public). Klein launched at least six SPACs from this single suite. Each SPAC is a separate legal entity, but they share an address, a founder, and a banking team. This is the SPAC version of the subsidiary factory model at 16 E 34th (where TrialSpark created Libertas Bio, Riverview Bio, High Line Bio, and Bleecker Bio from the same floor). [7]
45 Wall Street / 45 W Street, 4th Floor — Needs Verification
[NOTE: The exact address “45 W Street, 4th Floor” needs verification from Keya’s records. If this is 45 Wall Street, it’s in the Financial District. If it’s 45 West 34th Street, it’s a loft-style office building near Formation Bio’s 16 E 34th address. Keya to clarify which entity uses this address and in what context.]
Updated Complete Address Chart
| Address | Entity | Registered vs. Listed | Network Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10, NYC | TrialSpark/Formation Bio | Actual principal office | Core — all trademarks, CEO, SEC filings |
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10, NYC | Speedy Sticks | Listed on Google Maps (registered at 210 Catherine) | Phlebotomy for clinical trials |
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10, NYC | Agilis Insights LLC | Listed on Google Maps (registered at 414 E 77th apartment) | “Recruitment” — BBB F, founded Jan 2020 |
| 210 Catherine St, NYC | Speedy Sticks / Hardcore Tech / LightyearSEO | Various listings | Bridge address connecting primary to secondary entities |
| Monroe Township, NJ | Hardcore Tech | Registered address | Actual registration — blog posted 23andMe day of rebrand |
| 85 Broad St, NYC | Hardcore Tech (Facebook) | Former Goldman Sachs HQ | Borrowed prestige — co-working in converted building |
| 414 E 77th St, NYC | Agilis Insights LLC | Registered address | Apartment building — residential reg for commercial entity |
| 640 Fifth Ave, Fl 12, NYC | AltC / M. Klein Associates | Klein’s actual office | SPAC factory — 6+ SPACs from one suite |
| 200 West St, NYC | Goldman Sachs | Global HQ (single occupant, 44 floors) | Investment banking infrastructure for VC funds |
| Palo Alto, CA (shared) | OpenResearch + UBI Charitable | Both at same address | Two nonprofits, one address, one network |
| 251 Little Falls Dr, Wilmington, DE | Corporation Service Company | Agent for Libertas Bio | Standard — largest US registered agent |
| Big Surf LLC (varies) | Altman’s Hawaii compound | Property holding LLC | Shell for real estate concealment (hidden 2+ years) |
| 45 W Street, 4th Fl | TBD — needs Keya verification | TBD | TBD |
The Concept of Address Prestige Recycling
When prestigious institutions vacate buildings, the addresses retain institutional memory even after the institution is gone. Smaller entities — co-working tenants, virtual offices, mail forwarding services — move into the vacated space and inherit the address’s reputation. A letter from “85 Broad Street, New York” carries the weight of Goldman Sachs’ former presence, even if the sender occupies a shared desk in a building being converted to apartments.
This matters for the investigation because address prestige can be used to:
- Signal institutional credibility that doesn’t exist (“we’re at Goldman’s old address”)
- Borrow geographic legitimacy (“Financial District” vs. “Monroe Township, NJ”)
- Create the appearance of physical proximity to financial infrastructure
- Complicate investigations by adding legitimate-sounding locations to entity records
The remedy is simple: check what’s ACTUALLY at the address now, not what was there historically. Google Street View, building management directories, and secretary of state filings reveal the current reality behind the historical prestige.
- [Archive] Wikipedia — 200 West Street (Goldman Sachs HQ, 44 stories, $2.1B, single occupant): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/200_West_Street
- [Archive] Bloomberg — “Goldman’s Former Broad Street Tower Eyed for Housing Conversion” (Dec 2022): https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-12-12/goldman-s-former-broad-street-tower-eyed-for-housing-conversion
- [Archive] Prior investigation sessions — Klein Form 4/A, 640 Fifth Avenue, serial SPAC operator. Confirmed.
PASS 3 — Additional Addresses and Findings
New Addresses Identified
1960 Bryant Street, San Francisco, CA 94110 — OpenAI Headquarters
OpenAI, Inc.’s San Francisco office. D&B lists this as OpenAI’s registered business location. A standalone steel-reinforced flex building in the Mission District with high bow-truss ceilings, skylights, and underground parking. This is where ChatGPT was built, where the November 2023 board crisis played out, and where Altman returned after his firing and reinstatement.
Network relevance: OpenAI’s physical headquarters. The company that partnered with Formation Bio on Muse, that Altman runs as CEO, and that received the anonymous $30M through SVCF. Placing this address on the chart connects the AI company to the pharmaceutical pipeline documented in the vertical builds analysis.
469 9th Street, Floor 2, Oakland, CA 94607 — Open Research Lab, Inc.
This is Altman’s OpenResearch nonprofit — the entity that granted $1M to TrialSpark for Project Covalence, that received $15M from Dorsey’s Start Small LLC, and that shares an address with UBI Charitable.
Federal SAM registration (System for Award Management):
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Entity | OPEN RESEARCH LAB, INC. |
| UEI | KQZAZ55N2EE1 |
| Address | 469 9th St, Fl 2, Oakland, CA 94607-4031 |
| Officer | Chris Clark (not Sam Altman) |
| Business Started | November 2, 2015 |
| SAM Registered | January 17, 2019 |
| SAM Activated | December 5, 2022 |
| SAM Expired | December 1, 2023 |
| Entity Structure | Corporate Entity (Tax Exempt) |
| Business Type | Non-Profit Organization |
| Current Status | Expired |
The SAM dates are the find. Registration in SAM is required to receive federal contracts or grants. OpenResearch was set up to receive federal money. The activation date (December 5, 2022) is exactly one year before the Formation Bio rebrand (December 5, 2023). The expiration date (December 1, 2023) is four days before the rebrand. The federal contracting window opened, ran for exactly one year, and closed just before the corporate transformation.
Who is Chris Clark? The SAM registration lists Chris Clark as the officer — not Sam Altman. Clark’s role at OpenResearch has not been investigated. If Altman is the controlling person but Clark is the listed officer, the governance structure mirrors the pattern of using intermediaries (like Jennifer Serralta managing real estate LLCs) to maintain arm’s-length appearances.
97 Port Richmond Avenue, Staten Island, NY 10302 — One Care Health, LLC
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Entity | One Care Health, LLC |
| Address | 97 Port Richmond Ave, Staten Island, NY 10302-1306 |
| Type | Limited Liability Company |
| Incorporated | December 2, 2020 (during Project Covalence) |
| BBB File Opened | March 12, 2021 |
| CEO | Dr. Carlos M. Barrera |
| Medical Director | Timothy Aldrich (Managing Partner) |
| CNO | Christian DéFournoy (Managing Partner) |
| Alternate Name | OneCare Health — Advanced Practice Health & Wellness |
| Parent Entity | TRG-HealthCare-Systems-LLC |
| Related Business | Speedy Sticks, LLC (per BBB) |
| BBB Rating | Not Rated (insufficient information) |
| Services | Addiction treatment, behavioral health, co-occurring disorders |
The BBB explicitly lists Speedy Sticks, LLC as a “Related Business.” The phlebotomy company that shows at Formation Bio’s address (16 E 34th St) is related to an addiction treatment clinic in Staten Island. Both were incorporated in the same period (Speedy Sticks date TBD, One Care Health December 2, 2020 — during Project Covalence’s active window).
The connection chain: One Care Health (addiction treatment, Staten Island) → Related Business: Speedy Sticks (phlebotomy) → Listed at 16 E 34th St (Formation Bio’s address) → Registered at 210 Catherine St (shared with Hardcore Tech and LightyearSEO). An addiction clinic in Staten Island is connected through a shared business relationship to the phlebotomy company at the address of a $1.8B AI pharmaceutical company in Midtown Manhattan.
Youth Business America — Former YC Research Facility Address
Youth Business America occupied the same address as Y Combinator’s research facility before Altman moved the research operation and transformed it into OpenAI. Most likely a YC program, affiliate, or co-tenant from the pre-OpenAI era. The address connection suggests Youth Business America was part of the YC ecosystem infrastructure that Altman inherited when he became YC president (2014) and repurposed when he co-founded OpenAI (2015).
[NODE — FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATION] What was Youth Business America? A YC nonprofit initiative? An accelerator program? A co-tenant that shared space with YC Research? The entity’s relationship to YC and its fate after the space became OpenAI needs documentation.
Updated Complete Address Chart (Pass 3)
| Address | Entity | Type | Network Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10, NYC | TrialSpark / Formation Bio | Principal office | Core — all trademarks, CEO, SEC filings |
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10, NYC | Speedy Sticks | Listed on Maps (reg. 210 Catherine) | Phlebotomy — related business to One Care Health |
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10, NYC | Agilis Insights LLC | Listed on Maps (reg. 414 E 77th) | “Recruitment” — BBB F, founded Jan 2020 |
| 210 Catherine St, NYC | Speedy Sticks / Hardcore Tech / LightyearSEO | Various listings | Bridge address — connects primary to secondary entities |
| Monroe Township, NJ | Hardcore Tech | Registered address | Blog — 23andMe post same day as rebrand |
| 85 Broad St, NYC | Hardcore Tech (Facebook) | Former Goldman Sachs HQ | Borrowed prestige — co-working |
| 414 E 77th St, NYC | Agilis Insights LLC | Registered address | Apartment — residential reg for commercial entity |
| 97 Port Richmond Ave, Staten Island | One Care Health, LLC | Registered address | Addiction treatment — related to Speedy Sticks. Founded Dec 2020 during Covalence. Parent: TRG-HealthCare-Systems-LLC |
| 640 Fifth Ave, Fl 12, NYC | AltC / M. Klein Associates | Klein’s office | SPAC factory — 6+ SPACs from one suite |
| 200 West St, NYC | Goldman Sachs | Global HQ (single occupant) | Investment banking infrastructure |
| 1960 Bryant St, SF | OpenAI, Inc. | SF headquarters | Where ChatGPT was built. Altman’s primary company. |
| 469 9th St, Fl 2, Oakland | Open Research Lab, Inc. | Nonprofit office | SAM-registered for federal grants. Officer: Chris Clark. Activated Dec 5, 2022; expired Dec 1, 2023. |
| Palo Alto, CA (shared) | OpenResearch + UBI Charitable | Both at same address | Two nonprofits, one address, one network |
| 251 Little Falls Dr, Wilmington, DE | Corporation Service Company | Agent for Libertas Bio | Standard — largest US registered agent |
| Big Surf LLC (varies) | Altman’s Hawaii compound | Property holding LLC | Shell for real estate concealment |
| Former YC Research address | Youth Business America | Likely YC program/affiliate | Pre-OpenAI era. Same space later became OpenAI. |
| 45 W Street, 4th Fl | Unknown — possibly Speedy Sticks-related | Needs verification | Keya to confirm context |
149 Madison Avenue — The Enchante/Tzumi Building and the 16 E 34th St Connection
Enchante Accessories (founded 1986, CEO Gabriel Khezrie, consumer products — jewelry, home decor, ceramics) purchased the entire 12-story, 121,000-square-foot building at 149 Madison Avenue for $77 million in February 2023. The buyer LLC was registered to “the East 34th Street headquarters” of Enchante per Bisnow. The building had previously been a WeWork location under Columbia Property Trust. [11][12]
Tzumi Electronics LLC (founded January 2013, President Rena Haber, consumer electronics — speakers, fire pits, game tables) has TWO locations on the BBB:
- 16 E 34th St, New York, NY 10016 — Formation Bio’s address
- 149 Madison Ave, Fl 12, New York, NY 10016 — The Enchante building [13]
A Chinese import electronics company (17,900+ shipments from Chinese manufacturers — Guangdong Ivy International, Shanghai Foreign Trade Enterprises, Firstar Battery Co. Hong Kong) is listed at both Formation Bio’s address AND the building two blocks away that Enchante bought for $77M.
The 2013 date overlap: Tzumi Electronics was incorporated January 29, 2013. LabNook/TrialSpark’s founding date oscillates between 2013 and 2014 across sources (Crunchbase edited from June 2014 to June 2013; PA filing June 19, 2014; Clay.com says “co-founded January 2014”). Both entities share the 16 E 34th St address. Both have contested or ambiguous founding dates in the 2013-2014 window. Whether this temporal overlap represents a shared origin, shared office infrastructure, or coincidence is an open question.
The Murray Hill / 10016 address cluster:
| Address | Entity | Distance from 16 E 34th |
|---|---|---|
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10 | Formation Bio + Tzumi (Location 1) + Speedy Sticks + Agilis | — |
| 149 Madison Ave, Fl 12 | Enchante (owns building) + Tzumi (Location 2) | ~2 blocks |
| 210 Catherine St | Speedy Sticks (reg.) + Hardcore Tech + LightyearSEO | ~2.5 miles (Lower East Side) |
Two blocks apart, same zip code (10016), same neighborhood (Murray Hill), sharing a tenant (Tzumi at both). Enchante’s buyer LLC registered to “East 34th Street.” The network doesn’t just share an address — it occupies a neighborhood.
[NODE — FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATION] Who is Rena Haber (Tzumi President)? Who is Gabriel Khezrie (Enchante CEO)? Is there any ownership, investment, or personnel overlap between Tzumi Electronics, Enchante Accessories, and TrialSpark/Formation Bio? The shared address at 16 E 34th St and the 2013 founding date overlap warrant a look at whether these are genuinely independent companies sharing a building, or entities with deeper connections.
- [Archive] Bisnow — “Columbia Property Trust sells 149 Madison at $11M loss to Enchante Accessories for $77M” — buyer LLC registered to East 34th Street (Feb 2023): https://www.bisnow.com/new-york/news/office/columbia-property-trust-sells-149-madison-for-12-haircut-despite-renovations-117575
- [Archive] The Real Deal — “Columbia Property Trust Sells 149 Madison Avenue for $77M to Enchanté Accessories” (Feb 2023): https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2023/02/08/columbia-property-trust-takes-haircut-on-149-madison/
- [Archive] BBB — Tzumi Electronics LLC: TWO locations listed — “16 E 34th St New York, NY 10016” AND “149 Madison Ave Fl 12 New York, NY 10016.” Founded 2013. 86 complaints: https://www.bbb.org/us/ny/new-york/profile/tablet-equipment/tzumi-electronics-llc-0121-163275
The East 34th Street Corridor — Complete Block Map
| Address | Entity | Type |
|---|---|---|
| 4 E 34th St, 5th Fl | Tzumi Innovations LLC | Consumer products. Only Tzumi entity filed on time every year. |
| 16 E 34th St, Fl 10 | Formation Bio / TrialSpark | AI pharma ($1.8B). Core investigation address. |
| 16 E 34th St | Tzumi Electronics LLC (BBB) | Chinese import electronics. REGISTERED AGENT REVOKED. |
| 16 E 34th St | Speedy Sticks + Agilis Insights | Phlebotomy + “Recruitment” (BBB F). |
| 55 E 34th St, Fl 1-6 | Mount Sinai Doctors | Six-floor multi-specialty practice. Faculty from Icahn School of Medicine — institution TrialSpark hires FROM. |
| 149 Madison Ave, Fl 12 | Enchante (owns building $77M) + Tzumi Electronics | Consumer products + electronics. ~2 blocks away. |
The clinical trial recruitment corridor: Mount Sinai (55 E 34th) sees patients → Formation Bio (16 E 34th) runs trials → Speedy Sticks (16 E 34th) draws blood → one block.
Tzumi Entity Tree — Complete Filing Status
| Entity | Filed | Address | Agent | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tzumi Accessories Corp | Apr 2011 | Brooklyn 11229 | THE CORPORATION | INACTIVE | Original. Dissolved Aug 2015. |
| Tzumi Electronics LLC | Jan 2013 | 149 Madison + 16 E 34th (BBB) | REVOKED | Active, current | Assumed name “TZUMI ACCESSORIES” filed 04/11/2013 — overlapped with still-active original for 2+ years |
| Tzumi Innovations LLC | Feb 2017 | 4 E 34th St, 5th Fl / Albany agent | Allstate Corp Svcs | Active, CURRENT | Only entity meticulously maintained. Same block as Formation Bio. |
| Tzumi Labs LLC | Feb 2017 | Albany virtual office | Allstate Corp Svcs | Active, overdue | “Dronoid” toy drones |
| Tzumi Wealth Management LLC | Apr 2018 | 412 Sterling St, Brooklyn (residential) | Unknown | Active, overdue | No FINRA/SEC registration. No website. No public presence. |
| Tzumi Direct LLC | Feb 2024 | Albany virtual office | Reg Agent Solutions | Active, current | DTC sales. Newest entity. |
[UNRESOLVED NODE — TZUMI ENTITY CLUSTER]
Six Tzumi entities share addresses with Formation Bio (16 E 34th) and the same block (4 E 34th). The main entity (Tzumi Electronics) has a revoked registered agent — active but unreachable for legal service. A wealth management subsidiary operates from a residential Brooklyn address with no regulatory registration. The founder/president (Rena Haber) has Wall Street skills (fixed income, risk management) running a consumer electronics import company. Chinese import volume: 17,900+ shipments.
No confirmed personnel, family, or investment connection to Liu/Zhang/Dobyns or TrialSpark founders has been established. Connection is spatial and temporal (same address, same block, overlapping 2013 founding dates), not personnel-based. Node remains open.
What would resolve: Beneficial ownership records for Tzumi entities. Cross-reference Haber, Khezrie (Enchante), Mortellaro, Knight against TrialSpark/Formation Bio personnel. FINRA/SEC check on Tzumi Wealth Management. Physical verification of whether 16 E 34th Fl 10 houses both Formation Bio AND Tzumi Electronics simultaneously.
- [Archive] Mount Sinai — “Mount Sinai Doctors East 34th Street” — 55 E 34th St, six floors, Icahn School faculty: https://www.mountsinai.org/locations/msd-east-34
- [Archive] OpenCorporates — Tzumi entity tree: https://opencorporates.com/companies?q=tzumi
- [Archive] D&B — OpenAI, Inc., 1960 Bryant St, San Francisco CA 94110. Software Publishers: https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.openai_inc.a0095499f23ae083fda6cebcf6d6256a.html
- [Archive] OpenGovUS — Open Research Lab, Inc. SAM registration. UEI KQZAZ55N2EE1. Officer Chris Clark. 469 9th St Fl 2 Oakland. Activated Dec 5, 2022, expired Dec 1, 2023: https://opengovus.com/sam-entity/KQZAZ55N2EE1
- [Archive] BBB — One Care Health, LLC. 97 Port Richmond Ave Staten Island. “Related Businesses: Speedy Sticks, LLC.” Founded Dec 2, 2020. CEO Dr. Carlos M. Barrera: https://www.bbb.org/us/ny/staten-island/profile/urgent-care-clinic/one-care-health-llc-0121-87147158
This analysis does not constitute evidence of illegal action. The opinions expressed here are the professional opinions and analytical conclusions of the author, a published corporate ethics researcher and analyst specializing in business leadership ethics, governance structures, and nonprofit compliance. Readers are encouraged to examine the primary sources cited above and draw their own conclusions.
A conflict does not become less important because it was routed through a quieter entity. It becomes more important to map.
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